Science Highlights
Published on April 28, 2026
CXCR4 as a Shared Antigen Target for AML and ALL CAR T Cells
by Translational Oncology
Seir G, Bubb QR, Sotillo E, et al. Development and Characterization of Anti-CXCR4 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells. Translational Oncology. 2026; (doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2026.102711).
Researchers believe development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) could play a role in treating both acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To accomplish this, it was important to identify a receptor that is implicated in both normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, and one that is also highly expressed and shared across all cells of interest. By meeting those criteria, CXCR4 informed a treatment approach capable of clearing both cell populations, a necessary step toward successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Subsequent transplant would then return the hematopoietic system to a normal state. Based on this rationale, researchers engineered a novel array of anti-CXCR4 CAR-T cells. In vitro studies revealed robust activity against a panel of leukemic cell lines without interference in other T-cell activity. The intervention also downregulated CXCR4 protein expression in CAR-positive populations, possibly supporting T-cell survival. The study authors believe anti-CXCR4 CAR T cells have potential as treatment for AML and ALL and also as conditioning before HSCT.
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